IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ICPR '02 Proceedings of the 16 th International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR'02) Volume 1 - Volume 1
Tracking Soccer Players using the Graph Representation
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 4 - Volume 04
CIVR '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Content-based image and video retrieval
Distributed visual sensing for virtual top-view trajectory generation in football videos
CIVR '08 Proceedings of the 2008 international conference on Content-based image and video retrieval
Extending Markov Logic to Model Probability Distributions in Relational Domains
KI '07 Proceedings of the 30th annual German conference on Advances in Artificial Intelligence
Proposal of a modular system for tracking indoor and outdoor sports
SMO'09 Proceedings of the 9th WSEAS international conference on Simulation, modelling and optimization
A review of vision-based systems for soccer video analysis
Pattern Recognition
Robust real-time multiple target tracking
ACCV'09 Proceedings of the 9th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part II
A method for identification of moving objects by integrative use of a camera and accelerometers
Proceedings of the 27th Annual ACM Symposium on Applied Computing
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This paper describes ASPOGAMO, a visual tracking system that determines the coordinates and trajectories of football players in camera view based on TV broadcasts. To do so, ASPOGAMO solves a complex probabilistic estimation problem that consists of three subproblems that interact in subtle ways: the estimation of the camera direction and zoom factor, the tracking and smoothing of player routes, and the disambiguation of tracked players after occlusions. The paper concentrates on system aspects that make it suitable for operating under unconstrained conditions and in (almost) realtime. We report on results obtained in a public demonstration at RoboCup 2006 where we conducted extensive experiments with real data from live coverage of World Cup 2006 games in Germany.