On building next generation data centers: energy flow in the information technology stack
COMPUTE '08 Proceedings of the 1st Bangalore Annual Compute Conference
No "power" struggles: coordinated multi-level power management for the data center
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
ATC'07 2007 USENIX Annual Technical Conference on Proceedings of the USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Understanding and Designing New Server Architectures for Emerging Warehouse-Computing Environments
ISCA '08 Proceedings of the 35th Annual International Symposium on Computer Architecture
vManage: loosely coupled platform and virtualization management in data centers
ICAC '09 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Autonomic computing
A systematic and practical approach to generating policies from service level objectives
IM'09 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP/IEEE international conference on Symposium on Integrated Network Management
ReRack: power simulation for data centers with renewable energy generation
ACM SIGMETRICS Performance Evaluation Review
From the origins of performance evaluation to new green ICT performance engineering
PERFORM'10 Proceedings of the 2010 IFIP WG 6.3/7.3 international conference on Performance Evaluation of Computer and Communication Systems: milestones and future challenges
Data resource management according to customer requirements
Mathematical and Computer Modelling: An International Journal
Computer-aided design of electrical energy systems
Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer-Aided Design
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The environmental impact of data centers is significant and is growing rapidly. Servers alone in the US consumed 1.2% of the nation's energy in 2005, according to the EPA. In the following year, the EPA found that the cost of energy rose by 10%. However, there are many opportunities for greater efficiency through integrated design and management of data center components. To that end, we propose a sustainable data center that replaces conventional resource delivery models with a framework centered around the supply and demand side management of all data center resources including IT, power and cooling. We have identified five elements for achieving this vision: data center scale lifecycle design, flexible and configurable building blocks, pervasive cross-layer sensing, knowledge discovery and visualization, and autonomous control. We describe these principles and provide selected results that quantify the potential for savings.