Fast Macroblock Mode Determination to Reduce H.264 Complexity
IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
An efficient scheme for motion estimation using multireference frames in H.264/AVC
IEEE Transactions on Multimedia
A new prediction search algorithm for block motion estimation in video coding
IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A new diamond search algorithm for fast block-matching motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Extension of phase correlation to subpixel registration
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
Adaptive rood pattern search for fast block-matching motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing
A novel four-step search algorithm for fast block motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
On the data reuse and memory bandwidth analysis for full-search block-matching VLSI architecture
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Highly efficient predictive zonal algorithms for fast block-matching motion estimation
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Overview of the H.264/AVC video coding standard
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
A fast adaptive motion estimation algorithm
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
An efficient adaptive manipulation architecture for real time video coding in frequency domain
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
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Motion estimation (ME) plays an important role in modern video coders since it consumes approximately 60-80% of the entire encoder's computations. In this paper, three novel techniques are proposed to effectively speed up the ME process. First, a smart prediction technique for effectively deciding an initial search center is proposed. Second, a zero motion prejudgment technique is proposed to accurately decide whether the pre-estimated ISC can be considered as a best match motion vector (MV) and consequently save the required computations for the MV refinement process. Finally, a variable padding pixels ME technique is proposed to adaptively determine the number of padding pixels required for the search window for more computational cost savings. The three techniques are combined and applied to the block-based ME for a superior computational complexity savings in the ME process. The performance of the proposed techniques is tested in both the pixel domain ME and the frequency domain ME in terms of their quantitative visual quality (peak signal-to-noise ratio, PSNR), their computational complexity, and their bit rate. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed fast ME technique is able to achieve approximately a 99.4% reduction in ME time compared to the conventional full search block-based ME (FSSBB-ME) with negligible degradation in both the PSNR and the bit rate. Additionally, the experimental results prove the effectiveness of the proposed techniques if they are combined with any blockbased ME technique such as the fast extended diamond enhanced predictive zonal search. Experimental results also demonstrate that there is at least an additional savings of 72% in ME time using the conventional discrete cosine transform phase correlation ME (DCT-PC-ME) in the frequency domain compared to the conventional FSBB-ME technique in pixel domain. Compared to the conventional DCT-PC-ME, applying the proposed novel techniques to the DCT-PC-ME saves up to 89% in ME time.