Introduction to algorithms
SIGCOMM '93 Conference proceedings on Communications architectures, protocols and applications
Multicast routing extensions for OSPF
Communications of the ACM
Hop by hop multicast routing protocol
Proceedings of the 2001 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Distributed core multicast (DCM): a multicast routing protocol for many groups with few receivers
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Video Processing and Communications
Video Processing and Communications
Adaptive Video Multicast over the Internet
IEEE MultiMedia
DSMCast: a scalable approach for DiffServ multicasting
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
QoS-aware multicasting in DiffServ domains
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
Extending differentiated services architecture for multicasting provisioning
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Computer Communications
A survey of QoS multicasting issues
IEEE Communications Magazine
A QoS-aware multicast routing protocol
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
Video multicast over the Internet
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
QUASIMODO: quality of service-aware multicasting over DiffServ and overlay networks
IEEE Network: The Magazine of Global Internetworking
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The Differentiated Service (DiffServ) has been considered as a scalable approach to provide class-based quality-of-service (QoS) control in Internet. However, the direct implant of DiffServ in IP multicast shows some limitations on supporting a multicast session exhibiting QoS heterogeneity. Also IP multicast by itself has to maintain a large amount of the session-based forwarding information and potentially causes another routing scalability problem in routers. In this paper, we therefore propose a novel adaptation framework, termed harmonic DiffServ, to solve the QoS heterogeneity and routing scalability problems at the same time. In principle, (1) multicast trees are clustered and aggregated into a given number of multicast sessions, and (2) within each multicast session, packets are further marked by a set of undefined DSCPs which lead packets to specific QoS treatments in each router in a way that the respective QoS requirements of multicast trees are realized properly. We propose a heuristic clustering scheme and based on it, two DSCP encoding schemes, namely, the fixed encoding (FE) and the dynamic encoding (DE). Extensive simulations based on different network configurations are conducted. The simulated result reveals that our schemes can effectively reduce the forwarding information and achieve excellent scalability in terms of the number of multicast sessions and DSCP in use. And DE always consumes less number of DSCP than FE at the cost of slightly more computation and control overheads.