Matrix analysis
Differential Detection Based on Space-Time Block Codes
Wireless Personal Communications: An International Journal
Convex Optimization
Differential space-time modulation with eigen-beamforming for correlated MIMO fading channels
IEEE Transactions on Signal Processing
Differential space-time modulation
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Space-time block codes: a maximum SNR approach
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Representation theory for high-rate multiple-antenna code design
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Cayley differential unitary space-time codes
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Optimal space-time constellations from groups
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Distributed space-time-coded protocols for exploiting cooperative diversity in wireless networks
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
A differential detection scheme for transmit diversity
IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications
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Non-identical fading distribution in a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) channel, including unequal average channel gains and fade rates, often occurs when antennas are not co-located. In this paper, we present an analytical study of the effects of non-identical Rayleigh fading on the error performance of differential unitary space-time modulation (DUSTM). The fading processes for different transmit-receive antenna pairs are assumed to be independent and time-variant. We find that the maximum-likelihood (ML) differential detector of DUSTM over such channels is involved except for differential cyclic group codes. The conventional detector is proved to be asymptotically optimal in the limit of high signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) over static fading channels. Applying the distribution of quadratic forms of Gaussian vectors, we then derive closed-form expressions for the exact error probabilities of two specific unitary classes, namely, cyclic group codes and orthogonal codes. Simple and useful asymptotic bounds on error probabilities are also obtained. Our analysis leads to the following general findings: (1) equal power allocation is asymptotically optimal, and (2) non-identical channel gain distribution degrades the error performance. Finally, we also introduce a water-filling based power allocation to exploit the transmit non-identical fading statistics.