Communications of the ACM
Automatic labeling of semantic roles
Computational Linguistics
Class-Based Construction of a Verb Lexicon
Proceedings of the Seventeenth National Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Twelfth Conference on Innovative Applications of Artificial Intelligence
Discovery of inference rules for question-answering
Natural Language Engineering
A hybrid text classification approach for analysis of student essays
HLT-NAACL-EDUC '03 Proceedings of the HLT-NAACL 03 workshop on Building educational applications using natural language processing - Volume 2
Deterministic dependency parsing of English text
COLING '04 Proceedings of the 20th international conference on Computational Linguistics
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
The Andes Physics Tutoring System: Five Years of Evaluations
Proceedings of the 2005 conference on Artificial Intelligence in Education: Supporting Learning through Intelligent and Socially Informed Technology
Automatic short answer marking
EdAppsNLP 05 Proceedings of the second workshop on Building Educational Applications Using NLP
Modeling students' metacognitive errors in two intelligent tutoring systems
UM'05 Proceedings of the 10th international conference on User Modeling
Recognizing entailment in intelligent tutoring systems*
Natural Language Engineering
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This paper describes on-going efforts to annotate a corpus of almost 16000 answer pairs with an estimated 69000 fine-grained entailment relationships. We illustrate the need for more detailed classification than currently exists and describe our corpus and annotation scheme. We discuss early statistical analysis showing substantial inter-annotator agreement even at the fine-grained level. The corpus described here, which is the only one providing such detailed annotations, will be made available as a public resource later this year (2007). This is expected to enable application development that is currently not practical.