Flocks, herds and schools: A distributed behavioral model
SIGGRAPH '87 Proceedings of the 14th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
Emergence of specialized behavior in a pursuit-evasion game
CEEMAS'03 Proceedings of the 3rd Central and Eastern European conference on Multi-agent systems
Swarming behavior using probabilistic roadmap techniques
SAB'04 Proceedings of the 2004 international conference on Swarm Robotics
Relationships of swarm intelligence and artificial immune system
International Journal of Bio-Inspired Computation
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The emergence of collective strategies in a prey-predator system is studied. We use the term "collective" in the sense of the collective motion of defense or attack often found in behaviors of animal grotips. In our prey-predator system, both prey and predators move around on a two-dimensional plane, interacting by playing a game; predators can score by touching the backside of a prey. Thresholds are assumed for the scores of both prey and predators. The species with the higher scores can reproduce more, and that with the lower scores will be diminished. As a result, strategies as collective motions are observed; these consist of rotating cluster motions, line formations, disordered but one-way marching, and random swarming. In particular, the strategy of random swarming encourages symbiosis in the sense that it is associated with a low extinction probability for the whole system.