Formal methods: state of the art and future directions
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR) - Special ACM 50th-anniversary issue: strategic directions in computing research
Formal Methods: Point-Counterpoint
Computer
The Industrial Use of Formal Methods: Was Darwin Right?
WIFT '98 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Workshop on Industrial Strength Formal Specification Techniques
Formal methods: Practice and experience
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
Modeling and validating the train fare calculation and adjustment system using VDM++
VSTTE'12 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Verified Software: theories, tools, experiments
Incorporating Formal Techniques into Industrial Practice: an Experience Report
Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science (ENTCS)
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We examine the the industrial application of formal methods using data gathered in a review of 62 projects taking place over the last 25 years. The review suggests that formal methods are being applied in a wide range of application domains, with increasingly strong tool support. Significant challenges remain in providing usable tools that can be integrated into established development processes; in education and training; in taking formal methods from first use to second use, and in gathering and evidence to support informed selection of methods and tools.