Anonymous Transactions in Computer Networks

  • Authors:
  • Shlomi Dolev;Marina Kopeetsky

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel 84105;Department of Software Engineering, Sami-Shamoon College of Engineering, Beer-Sheva, Israel 84100

  • Venue:
  • SSS '09 Proceedings of the 11th International Symposium on Stabilization, Safety, and Security of Distributed Systems
  • Year:
  • 2009

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Abstract

We present schemes for providing anonymous transactions while privacy and anonymity are preserved, providing user anonymous authentication in distributed networks such as the Internet. We first present a practical scheme for anonymous transactions while the transaction resolution is assisted by a Trusted Authority. This practical scheme is extended to a theoretical scheme where a Trusted Authority is not involved in the transaction resolution. Given an authority that generates for each player hard to produce evidence EVID (e. g., problem instance with or without a solution) to each player, the identity of a user U is defined by the ability to prove possession of said evidence. We use Zero-Knowledge proof techniques to repeatedly identify U by providing a proof that U has evidence EVID , without revealing EVID , therefore avoiding identity theft. In both schemes the authority provides each user with a unique random string. A player U may produce unique user name and password for each other player S using a one way function over the random string and the IP address of S . The player does not have to maintain any information in order to reproduce the user name and password used for accessing a player S . Moreover, the player U may execute transactions with a group of players S U in two phases; in the first phase the player interacts with each server without revealing information concerning its identity and without possibly identifying linkability among the servers in S U . In the second phase the player allows linkability and therefore transaction commitment with all servers in S U , while preserving anonymity (for future transactions).