Analyzing the energy consumption of security protocols
Proceedings of the 2003 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
An adaptive energy-efficient MAC protocol for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Integrating elliptic curve cryptography into the web's security infrastructure
Proceedings of the 13th international World Wide Web conference on Alternate track papers & posters
Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Proceedings of the conference on Design, Automation and Test in Europe - Volume 1
Sizzle: A Standards-Based End-to-End Security Architecture for the Embedded Internet (Best Paper)
PERCOM '05 Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
Energy Analysis of Public-Key Cryptography for Wireless Sensor Networks
PERCOM '05 Proceedings of the Third IEEE International Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications
WiseMAC: an ultra low power MAC protocol for the downlink of infrastructure wireless sensor networks
ISCC '04 Proceedings of the Ninth International Symposium on Computers and Communications 2004 Volume 2 (ISCC"04) - Volume 02
Telos: enabling ultra-low power wireless research
IPSN '05 Proceedings of the 4th international symposium on Information processing in sensor networks
Negotiation of security services: a multi-criteria decision approach
WESS '09 Proceedings of the 4th Workshop on Embedded Systems Security
Run-time selection of security algorithms for networked devices
Proceedings of the 5th ACM symposium on QoS and security for wireless and mobile networks
Performance analysis of HIP diet exchange for WSN security establishment
Proceedings of the 7th ACM symposium on QoS and security for wireless and mobile networks
Designing Security Properties-Centric Communication Protocols using a Component-Based Approach
International Journal of Distributed Systems and Technologies
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As the number of potential applications for tiny, battery-powered, "mote"-like, deeply embedded devices grows, so does the need to simplify and secure interactions with such devices. Embedding a secure web server (capable of HTTP over SSL, aka HTTPS), enables these devices to be monitored and controlled securely via a user-friendly, browser-based interface. This paper presents the first empirical energy analysis of the Internet's dominant security protocol, SSL, on highly constrained devices. We have enhanced Sizzle, our tiny-footprint HTTPS stack, with energy conserving features and measured its performance on a Telos mote. We show that the key exchange phase, which consumes much more energy than bulk encryption and authentication, amortizes well over the transmission of a few kilobytes of application data. Such amortization is easily attained with features like session reuse and persistent HTTP(S), both of which are supported by Sizzle. The extra energy cost of encrypting and authenticating application data with SSL is around 15%. With the addition of an application-level, duty-cycle based approach to low-power listening for incoming services requests, a pair of alkaline batteries can power Sizzle for over a year under a variety of application scenarios.