C4.5: programs for machine learning
C4.5: programs for machine learning
Extracting Refined Rules from Knowledge-Based Neural Networks
Machine Learning
Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation
Neural Networks: A Comprehensive Foundation
FERNN: An Algorithm for Fast Extraction of Rules fromNeural Networks
Applied Intelligence
Symbolic Interpretation of Artificial Neural Networks
IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering
A Probabilistic Classification System for Predicting the Cellular Localization Sites of Proteins
Proceedings of the Fourth International Conference on Intelligent Systems for Molecular Biology
NeuroRule: A Connectionist Approach to Data Mining
VLDB '95 Proceedings of the 21th International Conference on Very Large Data Bases
Chi2: Feature Selection and Discretization of Numeric Attributes
TAI '95 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Tools with Artificial Intelligence
Pattern Classification (2nd Edition)
Pattern Classification (2nd Edition)
Rule Extraction from Recurrent Neural Networks: A Taxonomy and Review
Neural Computation
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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This paper describes a new method for extracting symbolic rules from multilayer feedforward neural networks. Our approach is to encourage backpropagation to learn a sparser representation at the hidden layer and to use the improved representation to extract fewer, easier to understand rules. A new error term defined over the hidden layer is added to the standard sum of squared error so that the total squared distance between hidden activation vectors is increased. We show that this method helps extract fewer rules without decreasing classification accuracy in four publicly available data sets.