Adaptive aiding for human/computer control
Human Factors
A cookbook for using the model-view controller user interface paradigm in Smalltalk-80
Journal of Object-Oriented Programming
Human Factors Psychology
Object lifecycles: modeling the world in states
Object lifecycles: modeling the world in states
Object-oriented modeling and design
Object-oriented modeling and design
Pattern-oriented software architecture: a system of patterns
Pattern-oriented software architecture: a system of patterns
Ten Challenges for Making Automation a "Team Player" in Joint Human-Agent Activity
IEEE Intelligent Systems
A closed-loop adaptive system for command and control
FAC'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Foundations of augmented cognition
Augmenting cognition: reviewing the symbiotic relation between man and machine
FAC'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Foundations of augmented cognition
Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design, Second Edition
Designing for Situation Awareness: An Approach to User-Centered Design, Second Edition
A model for types and levels of human interaction with automation
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
Context-Aware Team Task Allocation to Support Mobile Police Surveillance
FAC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
Eye Movement as Indicators of Mental Workload to Trigger Adaptive Automation
FAC '09 Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Foundations of Augmented Cognition. Neuroergonomics and Operational Neuroscience: Held as Part of HCI International 2009
An ethical boundary agent to prevent the abdication of responsibility in combat systems
Proceedings of the 31st European Conference on Cognitive Ergonomics
International Journal of Technology and Human Interaction
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There is a continuing trend of letting fewer people deal with larger amounts of information in more complex situations using highly automated systems. In such circumstances, there is a risk that people are overwhelmed by information during intense periods or, on the other hand, do not build sufficient situational awareness during periods of slack to deal with situations where human intervention becomes necessary. A number of studies show encouraging results in increasing the efficiency of human-machine systems by making the automation adapt itself to the human needs. Current literature shows no examples of adaptive automation in real operational settings, however. We introduce a fine-grained adaptation methodology based on well-established concepts that is easy to comprehend and likely to be accepted by the end user. At the same time, we let the machine operate like a virtual team member in that it continuously builds its own view of the situation independent from the human. Working agreements between human and machine provide lower and upper bounds of automation that are in advance determined by the end user so that unwanted appropriation of responsibility by the machine is avoided. The framework is domain neutral and therefore thought to be applicable across a wide range of complex systems, both military and civilian. It gives researchers an architecture that they can use in their own work to get adaptive automation up and running quickly and easily.