Recognizing Human Facial Expressions From Long Image Sequences Using Optical Flow
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Image Representation Using 2D Gabor Wavelets
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Keyword Spotting in Poorly Printed Documents using Pseudo 2-D Hidden Markov Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Coding Facial Expressions with Gabor Wavelets
FG '98 Proceedings of the 3rd. International Conference on Face & Gesture Recognition
Facial Expression Recognition Based on Gabor Wavelet Transformation and Elastic Templates Matching
ICIG '04 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Image and Graphics
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
Independent component analysis of Gabor features for face recognition
IEEE Transactions on Neural Networks
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Embedded Hidden Markov Model (EHMM) has been applied to many areas due to its excellent features. In this paper, we present a novel method for Facial expression recognition by using the EHMM. We use five scales and eight orientations Gabor features to represent the expression image. Further, we use the EHMM to recognize the facial expression. In the EHMM structure, the super states are used to model the expression image along vertical direction while the inner states are used to model the expression image along horizontal direction. Our test results and analysis based on the JAFFE database demonstrate that the proposed method is effective and achieves higher average recognition accuracy (96.16%).