Object associations: a simple and practical approach to virtual 3D manipulation
I3D '95 Proceedings of the 1995 symposium on Interactive 3D graphics
Virtual reality programming in Oz
Proceedings of the Eurographics workshop on Virtual environments and scientific visualization '96
Direct 3D interaction with smart objects
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
A heuristic problem solving design system for equipment or furniture layouts
Communications of the ACM
Constraint-based approach for automatic spatial layout planning
CAIA '95 Proceedings of the 11th Conference on Artificial Intelligence for Applications
Efficient Manipulation of Object Groups in Virtual Environments
VR '02 Proceedings of the IEEE Virtual Reality Conference 2002
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Intelligent Virtual Environments integrate AI techniques with 3D real-time environments. As such, they can support interactive problem solving, provided the underlying AI techniques can produce solutions within a time frame matching that of user interaction. In this paper, we describe an intelligent virtual environment based on Constraint Logic Programming (CLP), integrated in a real-time 3D graphic environment. We have developed an event-based approach through which user interaction can be converted in real-time into appropriate solver queries which are then translated back into automatic reconfigurations of the Virtual Environment (VE). Additionally, this framework supports the interactive exploration of the solution space in which alternative solutions (configurations) can be found. We demonstrate the system behaviour on a configuration example. This example illustrates how solutions can be interactively refined by the user through direct manipulation of objects in the VE and how the interactive search of alternative solutions in the VE is supported by these type of systems.