Machine Learning
Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A decision-theoretic generalization of on-line learning and an application to boosting
Journal of Computer and System Sciences - Special issue: 26th annual ACM symposium on the theory of computing & STOC'94, May 23–25, 1994, and second annual Europe an conference on computational learning theory (EuroCOLT'95), March 13–15, 1995
Detecting Faces in Images: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Retinal vision applied to facial features detection and face authentication
Pattern Recognition Letters - In memory of Professor E.S. Gelsema
Statistical Learning of Multi-view Face Detection
ECCV '02 Proceedings of the 7th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part IV
Real-Time Face Detection Using Edge-Orientation Matching
AVBPA '01 Proceedings of the Third International Conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Training Support Vector Machines: an Application to Face Detection
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Probabilistic Modeling of Local Appearance and Spatial Relationships for Object Recognition
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Example Based Learning for View-Based Human Face Detection
Example Based Learning for View-Based Human Face Detection
WaldBoost " Learning for Time Constrained Sequential Detection
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 2 - Volume 02
Feature-Based Affine-Invariant Localization of Faces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Evaluating Liveness by Face Images and the Structure Tensor
AUTOID '05 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE Workshop on Automatic Identification Advanced Technologies
Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
A discriminative feature space for detecting and recognizing faces
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Real-time face detection and lip feature extraction using field-programmable gate arrays
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics
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A robust object/face detection technique processing every frame in real-time (video-rate) is presented. A methodological novelty are the suggested quantized angle features ("quangles"), being designed for illumination invariance without the need for pre-processing, e.g. histogram equalization. This is achieved by using both the gradient direction and the double angle direction (the structure tensor angle), and by ignoring the magnitude of the gradient. Boosting techniques are applied in a quantized feature space. Separable filtering and the use of lookup tables favor the detection speed. Furthermore, the gradient may then be reused for other tasks as well. A side effect is that the training of effective cascaded classifiers is feasible in very short time, less than 1 hour for data sets of order 104. We present favorable results on face detection, for several public databases (e.g. 93% Detection Rate at 1 × 10-6 False Positive Rate on the CMU-MIT frontal face test set).