A critique of ANSI SQL isolation levels
SIGMOD '95 Proceedings of the 1995 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Implementing E-Transactions with Asynchronous Replication
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Group communication specifications: a comprehensive study
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
e-Transactions: End-to-End Reliability for Three-Tier Architectures
IEEE Transactions on Software Engineering
Eternal: a component-based framework for transparent fault-tolerant CORBA
Software—Practice & Experience - Special issue: Enterprise frameworks
Improving Application Throughput With Enterprise JavaBeans Caching
ICDCS '03 Proceedings of the 23rd International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Unification of Transactions and Replication in Three-Tier Architectures Based on CORBA
IEEE Transactions on Dependable and Secure Computing
Fault-tolerance for Stateful Application Servers in the Presence of Advanced Transactions Patterns
SRDS '05 Proceedings of the 24th IEEE Symposium on Reliable Distributed Systems
Relaxed-currency serializability for middle-tier caching and replication
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGMOD international conference on Management of data
Highly Available Long Running Transactions and Activities for J2EE Applications
ICDCS '06 Proceedings of the 26th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
Log-based middleware server recovery with transaction support
The VLDB Journal — The International Journal on Very Large Data Bases
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Data centers are the most critical infrastructure of companies demanding higher and higher levels of quality of service (QoS) in terms of availability and scalability. At the core of data centers are multi-tier architectures providing service to applications. Replication is heavily used in this infrastructure for either availability or scalability but typically not for both combined. Additionally, most approaches replicate a single tier, making the non-replicated tiers potential bottlenecks and single points of failure. In this paper, we present a novel approach that provides both availability and scalability for multi-tier applications. The approach uses a replicated cache that takes into account both the application server tier (middle-tier) and the database (back-end). The underlying replicated cache protocol fully embeds the replication logic in the application server. The protocol exhibits good scalability as shown by our evaluation based on the new industrial benchmark for J2EE multi-tier systems, SPECjAppServer.