Speech Synthesis and Recognition
Speech Synthesis and Recognition
Effects of long-term ageing on speaker verification
BioID'11 Proceedings of the COST 2101 European conference on Biometrics and ID management
Effect of aging on speech features and phoneme recognition: a study on Bengali voicing vowels
International Journal of Speech Technology
Speaker verification in score-ageing-quality classification space
Computer Speech and Language
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This paper presents a longitudinal analysis of the extent to which age affects F"0 and formant frequencies. Five speakers at two time intervals showed a clear effect for F"0 and F"1 but no systematic effects for F"2 or F"3. In two speakers for which recordings were available in successive years over a 50year period, results showed with increasing age a decrease in both F"0 and F"1 for a female speaker and a V-shaped pattern, i.e. a decrease followed by an increase in both F"0 and F"1 for a male speaker. This analysis also provided strong evidence that F"1 approximately tracked F"0 across the years: i.e., the rate of change of (the logarithm of) F"0 and F"1 were generally the same. We then also tested that the changes in F"1 were not an acoustic artifact of changing F"0. Perception experiments with the main aim of assessing whether changes in F"1 contributed to age judgments beyond those from F"0 showed that the contribution of F"1 was inconsistent and negligible. The general conclusion is that age-related changes in F"1 may be compensatory to offset a physiologically induced decline in F"0 and thereby maintain a relatively constant auditory distance between F"0 and F"1.