Matrix computations (3rd ed.)
Dynamic fine-grained localization in Ad-Hoc networks of sensors
Proceedings of the 7th annual international conference on Mobile computing and networking
An energy consumption model for performance analysis of routing protocols for mobile ad hoc networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
Wireless sensor networks: a survey
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking
Understanding and Using Context
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Robust Positioning Algorithms for Distributed Ad-Hoc Wireless Sensor Networks
ATEC '02 Proceedings of the General Track of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
Energy-Efficient Communication Protocol for Wireless Microsensor Networks
HICSS '00 Proceedings of the 33rd Hawaii International Conference on System Sciences-Volume 8 - Volume 8
Recursive Position Estimation in Sensor Networks
ICNP '01 Proceedings of the Ninth International Conference on Network Protocols
The n-hop multilateration primitive for node localization problems
Mobile Networks and Applications
Distributed localization in wireless sensor networks: a quantitative comparison
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Wireless sensor networks
Localization from Connectivity in Sensor Networks
IEEE Transactions on Parallel and Distributed Systems
Robust node localization for wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th workshop on Embedded networked sensors
Path planning of mobile landmarks for localization in wireless sensor networks
Computer Communications
Vehicular Ad Hoc Networks: A New Challenge for Localization-Based Systems
Computer Communications
Algorithms and Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks
Algorithms and Protocols for Wireless Sensor Networks
IEICE Transactions on Fundamentals of Electronics, Communications and Computer Sciences
Using clustering information for sensor network localization
DCOSS'05 Proceedings of the First IEEE international conference on Distributed Computing in Sensor Systems
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In this paper we propose an energy-efficient iterative positioning algorithm for Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). In the proposed algorithm, localization is achieved in two phases: initial position estimation and iterative refinement. In the initial position estimation phase, instead of flooding the network with beacon messages, we propose to limit the propagation of the messages by using a random time-to-live for the majority of the beacon nodes. In the second phase of the algorithm, the nodes select random waiting periods for correcting their position estimates based on the information received from the neighbouring nodes. We propose to use Weighted Moving Average when the nodes have received multiple position corrections from a neighbouring node to emphasize the corrections with a high confidence. In addition, in the refinement phase, the algorithm employs low-duty cycling for the nodes that have low confidence in their position estimates with the goal of reducing their impact on localization of neighboring nodes and preserving their energy. In this paper, we present the implementation of our algorithm and its proof of correctness.