Google PageRanking problem: The model and the analysis

  • Authors:
  • Antonio Cicone;Stefano Serra-Capizzano

  • Affiliations:
  • Dipartimento di Matematica, Universití degli Studi di L'Aquila, Via Vetoio, Loc. Coppito, 67100 L'Aquila, Italy;Dipartimento di Fisica e Matematica, Universití dell'Insubria - Sede di Como, Via Valleggio 11, 22100 Como, Italy

  • Venue:
  • Journal of Computational and Applied Mathematics
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

The spectral and Jordan structures of the Web hyperlink matrix G(c)=cG+(1-c)ev^T have been analyzed when G is the basic (stochastic) Google matrix, c is a real parameter such that 0"1y(c)=Nv for all v; this limit may fail to exist for some v if @l is not semisimple. As a special case of our results, we obtain a complex analog of PageRank for the Web hyperlink matrix G(c) with a complex parameter c. We study regularity, limits, expansions, and conditioning of y(c) and we propose algorithms (e.g., complex extrapolation, power method on a modified matrix etc.) that may provide an efficient way to compute PageRank also with c close or equal to 1. An interpretation of the limit vector Nv and a related critical discussion on the model, on its adherence to reality, and possible ways for its improvement, represent the contribution of the paper on modeling issues.