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IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part A: Systems and Humans
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This paper will propose to do as von Bertalanffy once did, and that is to draw on the biological sciences, now hugely advanced beyond that ever imagined by von Bertalanffy and his peers, and use its findings, architectures, and emergent behaviors to argue for a biology of system of systems (SoS). We seek a science and approach that we believe will provide richer insight into SoS failure, "health" maintenance, repair, replication, growth, and mutation-all those features of the evolution of systems which constantly challenge us and which, thus far, we have only been able to explain via macrolevel models and tools. We propose to go deeper into the structure of these systems and to discover their "DNA" (building blocks), thus establishing a foundation to understand their behavior using biological analogies, which we believe will turn out to be more than metaphors. We assert that these systems have microstructures which will explain their individual life cycle and their communal ecology.