Sensitivity of constrained Markov decision processes
Annals of Operations Research
Managing server energy and operational costs in hosting centers
SIGMETRICS '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
A performance-conserving approach for reducing peak power consumption in server systems
Proceedings of the 19th annual international conference on Supercomputing
Making scheduling "cool": temperature-aware workload placement in data centers
ATEC '05 Proceedings of the annual conference on USENIX Annual Technical Conference
An Energy-Efficient Management Mechanism for Large-Scale Server Clusters
APSCC '07 Proceedings of the The 2nd IEEE Asia-Pacific Service Computing Conference
No "power" struggles: coordinated multi-level power management for the data center
Proceedings of the 13th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Energy-aware server provisioning and load dispatching for connection-intensive internet services
NSDI'08 Proceedings of the 5th USENIX Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation
Utility-function-driven energy-efficient cooling in data centers
Proceedings of the 7th international conference on Autonomic computing
INFOCOM'10 Proceedings of the 29th conference on Information communications
Towards data center self-diagnosis using a mobile robot
Proceedings of the 8th ACM international conference on Autonomic computing
A 'cool' load balancer for parallel applications
Proceedings of 2011 International Conference for High Performance Computing, Networking, Storage and Analysis
CloudPack* exploiting workload flexibility through rational pricing
Proceedings of the 13th International Middleware Conference
A load control method for small data centers participating in demand response programs
Future Generation Computer Systems
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This paper presents a unified approach to data center energy management based on a modeling framework that characterizes the influence of key decision variables on computational performance, thermal generation, and power consumption. Temperature dynamics are modeled by a network of interconnected components reflecting the spatial distribution of servers, computer room air conditioning (CRAC) units, and non-computational components in the data center. A second network models the distribution of the computational load among the servers. Server power states influence both networks. Formulating the control problem as a Markov decision process (MDP), the coordinated cooling and load management strategy minimizes the integrated weighted sum of power consumption and computational performance. Simulation results for a small example illustrate the potential for a coordinated control strategy to achieve better energy management than traditional schemes that control the computational and cooling subsystems separately. These results suggest several directions for further research.