Fault-tolerant quantum computation with constant error
STOC '97 Proceedings of the twenty-ninth annual ACM symposium on Theory of computing
Quantum computation and quantum information
Quantum computation and quantum information
Fault-tolerant quantum computation
FOCS '96 Proceedings of the 37th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science
Quantum error correction via codes over GF(4)
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
Encoding an arbitrary state in a [7,1,3] quantum error correction code
Quantum Information Processing
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We introduce finite-level concatenation threshold regions for quantum fault tolerance. These volume thresholds are regions in an error probability manifold that allow for the implemented system dynamics to satisfy a prescribed implementation inaccuracy bound at a given level of quantum error correction concatenation. Satisfying this condition constitutes our fundamental definition of fault tolerance. The prescribed bound provides a halting condition identifying the attainment of fault tolerance that allows for the determination of the optimum choice of quantum error correction code(s) and number of concatenation levels. Our method is constructed to apply to finite levels of concatenation, does not require that error proabilities consistently decrease from one concatenation level to the next, and allows for analysis, without approximations, of physical systems characterized by non-equiprobable distributions of qubit error probabilities. We demonstrate the utility of this method via a general error model.