Automatic secret keys from reciprocal MIMO wireless channels: measurement and analysis

  • Authors:
  • Jon W. Wallace;Rajesh K. Sharma

  • Affiliations:
  • School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany;School of Engineering and Science, Jacobs University Bremen, Bremen, Germany

  • Venue:
  • IEEE Transactions on Information Forensics and Security
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Information theoretic limits for random key generation in multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) wireless systems exhibiting a reciprocal channel response are investigated experimentally with a new three-node MIMO measurement campaign. As background, simple expressions are presented for the number of available key bits, as well as the number of bits that are secure from a close eavesdropper. Two methods for generating secret keys are analyzed in the context of MIMO channels and their mismatch rate and efficiency are derived. A new wideband indoor MIMO measurement campaign in the 2.51- to 2.59-GHz band is presented, whose purpose is to study the number of available key bits in both line-of-sight and nonline-of-sight environments. Application of the key generation methods to measured propagation channels indicates key generation rates that can be obtained in practice for four-element arrays.