Eigenfaces vs. Fisherfaces: Recognition Using Class Specific Linear Projection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Feature Detection with Automatic Scale Selection
International Journal of Computer Vision
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Efficient propagation for face annotation in family albums
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
Face Recognition Using Laplacianfaces
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Recognize High Resolution Faces: From Macrocosm to Microcosm
CVPR '06 Proceedings of the 2006 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition - Volume 2
Face recognition using spectral features
Pattern Recognition
A real-time, embedded face-annotation system
MM '08 Proceedings of the 16th ACM international conference on Multimedia
Face annotation for personal photos using context-assisted face recognition
MIR '08 Proceedings of the 1st ACM international conference on Multimedia information retrieval
Score normalization in multimodal biometric systems
Pattern Recognition
Facial marks: soft biometric for face recognition
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Dynamic approach for face recognition using digital image skin correlation
AVBPA'05 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Audio- and Video-Based Biometric Person Authentication
Identifying people with soft-biometrics at fleet week
Proceedings of the 8th ACM/IEEE international conference on Human-robot interaction
Robust periocular recognition by fusing local to holistic sparse representations
Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Security of Information and Networks
People reidentification in surveillance and forensics: A survey
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
| Hi-index | 0.00 |
Soft biometric traits embedded in a face (e.g., gender and facial marks) are ancillary information and are not fully distinctive by themselves in face-recognition tasks. However, this information can be explicitly combined with face matching score to improve the overall face-recognition accuracy. Moreover, in certain application domains, e.g., visual surveillance, where a face image is occluded or is captured in off-frontal pose, soft biometric traits can provide even more valuable information for face matching or retrieval. Facial marks can also be useful to differentiate identical twins whose global facial appearances are very similar. The similarities found from soft biometrics can also be useful as a source of evidence in courts of law because they are more descriptive than the numerical matching scores generated by a traditional face matcher. We propose to utilize demographic information (e.g., gender and ethnicity) and facial marks (e.g., scars, moles, and freckles) for improving face image matching and retrieval performance. An automatic facial mark detection method has been developed that uses 1) the active appearance model for locating primary facial features (e.g., eyes, nose, and mouth), 2) the Laplacian-of-Gaussian blob detection, and 3) morphological operators. Experimental results based on the FERET database (426 images of 213 subjects) and two mugshot databases from the forensic domain (1225 images of 671 subjects and 10000 images of 10000 subjects, respectively) show that the use of soft biometric traits is able to improve the face-recognition performance of a state-of-the-art commercial matcher.