Distributed localization in wireless sensor networks: a quantitative comparison
Computer Networks: The International Journal of Computer and Telecommunications Networking - Special issue: Wireless sensor networks
Accuracy characterization for metropolitan-scale Wi-Fi localization
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
Calibree: Calibration-Free Localization Using Relative Distance Estimations
Pervasive '08 Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Pervasive Computing
Risks of using AP locations discovered through war driving
PERVASIVE'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Pervasive Computing
Place lab: device positioning using radio beacons in the wild
PERVASIVE'05 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Pervasive Computing
Practical metropolitan-scale positioning for GSM phones
UbiComp'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Smart traffic monitoring with participatory sensing
Proceedings of the 11th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
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Cell tower triangulation is a popular technique for determining the location of a mobile device. However, cell tower triangulation methods require the knowledge of the actual locations of cell towers. Because the locations of cell towers are not publicly available, these methods often need to use estimated tower locations obtained through wardriving. This paper provides the first large scale study of the accuracy of two existing methods for cell tower localization using wardriving data. The results show that naively applying these methods results in very large localization errors. We analyze the causes for these errors and conclude that one can localize a cell accurately only if it falls within the area covered by the wardriving trace. We further propose a bounding technique to select the cells that fall within the area covered by the wardriving trace and identify a cell combining optimization that can further reduce the localization error by half.