Approximate self-assembly of the Sierpinski triangle

  • Authors:
  • Jack H. Lutz;Brad Shutters

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University;Department of Computer Science, Iowa State University

  • Venue:
  • CiE'10 Proceedings of the Programs, proofs, process and 6th international conference on Computability in Europe
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Winfree introduced the Tile Assembly Model in order to study the nanoscale self-assembly of DNA crystals. Lathrop, Lutz, and Summers proved that the Sierpinski triangle S cannot self-assemble in the "strict" sense in which tiles are not allowed to appear at positions outside the target structure. Here we investigate the strict self-assembly of sets that approximate S. We show that every set that does strictly self-assemble disagrees with S on a set with fractal dimension at least that of S (≈ 1.585), and that no subset of S with fractal dimension greater than 1 strictly self-assembles. We show that our bounds are tight by presenting a strict self-assembly that adds communication fibers to the fractal structure without disturbing it. To verify this strict self-assembly we develop a generalization of the local determinism method of Soloveichik and Winfree to tile assembly systems that use a blocking technique.