Experiences with a high-fidelity wireless building energy auditing network
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
The design of eco-feedback technology
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
UbiComp '07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Ubiquitous computing
Challenges in resource monitoring for residential spaces
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
Using circuit-level power measurements in household energy management systems
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
Home energy saving through a user profiling system based on wireless sensors
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
The energy dashboard: improving the visibility of energy consumption at a campus-wide scale
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
Evaluation of energy-efficiency in lighting systems using sensor networks
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
The self-programming thermostat: optimizing setback schedules based on home occupancy patterns
Proceedings of the First ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
Sleepless in seattle no longer
USENIXATC'10 Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
USENIXATC'10 Proceedings of the 2010 USENIX conference on USENIX annual technical conference
Following the electrons: methods for power management in commercial buildings
Proceedings of the 18th ACM SIGKDD international conference on Knowledge discovery and data mining
Towards an understanding of campus-scale power consumption
Proceedings of the Third ACM Workshop on Embedded Sensing Systems for Energy-Efficiency in Buildings
FixtureFinder: discovering the existence of electrical and water fixtures
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
Strip, bind, and search: a method for identifying abnormal energy consumption in buildings
Proceedings of the 12th international conference on Information processing in sensor networks
GCBN: a hybrid spatio-temporal causal model for traffic analysis and prediction
WAIM'13 Proceedings of the 14th international conference on Web-Age Information Management
International Journal of Communication Networks and Distributed Systems
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Device-level energy monitoring has been increasingly proposed to understand inefficient energy use and design systematic processes for efficient building operation. Its sole use, however, is not sufficient to provide actionable information unless we understand the causes and context of energy use. Fundamentally, energy consumption in a building is due to occupants' various activities. Understanding the causal relationship between occupants and their energy use is thus the key to an efficient building operation. This usually involves fine-grained sensing through intensive instrumentation of individual power outlets and/or extensive user studies that either increase the system cost or become too intrusive. Instead, we advocate that circuit branch level energy monitoring combined with statistical Granger causality analysis is adequate to automatically understand the causal relationship. We monitor energy consumption of various zones in an office using a circuit level power monitor. IP traffic from users' PCs, obtained from a local firewall, is used to relate occupants with their energy use in each micro zone. The output is expressed in the form of causality graphs that illustrate how each individual influences energy use in different zones. We discuss the effectiveness and limitations of this causal analysis in capturing energy use patterns of the occupants in a lab environment.