Multiparty computation for dishonest majority: from passive to active security at low cost

  • Authors:
  • Ivan Damgård;Claudio Orlandi

  • Affiliations:
  • Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University;Department of Computer Science, Aarhus University

  • Venue:
  • CRYPTO'10 Proceedings of the 30th annual conference on Advances in cryptology
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Multiparty computation protocols have been known for more than twenty years now, but due to their lack of efficiency their use is still limited in real-world applications: the goal of this paper is the design of efficient two and multi party computation protocols aimed to fill the gap between theory and practice. We propose a new protocol to securely evaluate reactive arithmetic circuits, that offers security against an active adversary in the universally composable security framework. Instead of the "do-and-compile" approach (where the parties use zero-knowledge proofs to show that they are following the protocol) our key ingredient is an efficient version of the "cut-and-choose" technique, that allow us to achieve active security for just a (small) constant amount of work more than for passive security.