Communicating sequential processes
Communicating sequential processes
Systematic software development using VDM
Systematic software development using VDM
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
The Z notation: a reference manual
The Z notation: a reference manual
Specifications are not (necessarily) executable
Software Engineering Journal
Programming from specifications
Programming from specifications
Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods
Z: An Introduction to Formal Methods
VDM '90 Proceedings of the Third International Symposium of VDM Europe on VDM and Z - Formal Methods in Software Development
A pragmatic basis for the formal development of distributed systems
IWSSD '93 Proceedings of the 7th international workshop on Software specification and design
The dMARS Architecture: A Specification of the Distributed Multi-Agent Reasoning System
Autonomous Agents and Multi-Agent Systems
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We present a methodology for the formal specification and development of software systems using Z and the refinement calculus. The methodology combines the data structuring capabilities and the codified discrete mathematics of Z with the data encapsulation properties and development style of the refinement calculus, and it aims to provide a formal path from design to implementation without unnecessary transformations of notation or the definition of a new calculus. It is illustrated here by the development of two systems, a simply diary and (part of)a text editor, and is contrasted with the use of Z on its own. We discuss related and future work and conclude with some general comments on applied formal methods.