W4: Real-Time Surveillance of People and Their Activities
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
A Bayesian Computer Vision System for Modeling Human Interactions
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Human Action Detection Using PNF Propagation of Temporal Constraints
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Video Google: A Text Retrieval Approach to Object Matching in Videos
ICCV '03 Proceedings of the Ninth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
Distinctive Image Features from Scale-Invariant Keypoints
International Journal of Computer Vision
Improved Adaptive Gaussian Mixture Model for Background Subtraction
ICPR '04 Proceedings of the Pattern Recognition, 17th International Conference on (ICPR'04) Volume 2 - Volume 02
Histograms of Oriented Gradients for Human Detection
CVPR '05 Proceedings of the 2005 IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR'05) - Volume 1 - Volume 01
A Model-Based Vehicle Segmentation Method for Tracking
ICCV '05 Proceedings of the Tenth IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision - Volume 2
On-Road Vehicle Detection: A Review
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Attribute Grammar-Based Event Recognition and Anomaly Detection
CVPRW '06 Proceedings of the 2006 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop
A Roadmap to the Integration of Early Visual Modules
International Journal of Computer Vision
Semantic Representation and Recognition of Continued and Recursive Human Activities
International Journal of Computer Vision
Recognition of High-level Group Activities Based on Activities of Individual Members
WMVC '08 Proceedings of the 2008 IEEE Workshop on Motion and video Computing
Parametric correspondence and chamfer matching: two new techniques for image matching
IJCAI'77 Proceedings of the 5th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 2
Robust Vehicle Detection for Tracking in Highway Surveillance Videos Using Unsupervised Learning
AVSS '09 Proceedings of the 2009 Sixth IEEE International Conference on Advanced Video and Signal Based Surveillance
Real-time illegal parking detection in outdoor environments using 1-D transformation
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Machine Recognition of Human Activities: A Survey
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Video scene analysis of interactions between humans and vehicles using event context
Proceedings of the ACM International Conference on Image and Video Retrieval
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Recognition of human-vehicle interactions is a challenging problem. The occlusion by vehicles and motion of humans contribute to the difficulty. In this paper, we present a novel approach for the view independent recognition of human-vehicle interactions. The shape based matching of synthetic 3-D vehicle models is used for accurate localization of vehicles and for the specification of regions-of-interest (e.g. doors). In the proposed method, the system transforms the optical flow field based on the position of doors and the direction of a vehicle. This enables the system to extract view-independent features. Histogram of oriented optical flow (HOOF) and histogram of oriented gradient (HOG) characterize the optical flow and gradient, respectively. A support vector machine (SVM) classifier is trained for these view-independent features. Consequently, the system recognizes the interactions of a person entering a vehicle and getting out of a vehicle. Our method is applied to a dataset of human-vehicle interactions taken from 8 different viewpoints, composed of 120 video clips. The experimental results show that the system recognizes sequences of complex human-vehicle interactions with a high recognition rate of 86 %.