Quicksilver: a quasi-static compiler for Java
OOPSLA '00 Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
Application isolation in the Java Virtual Machine
OOPSLA '00 Proceedings of the 15th ACM SIGPLAN conference on Object-oriented programming, systems, languages, and applications
A low-bandwidth network file system
SOSP '01 Proceedings of the eighteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Linkers and Loaders
Maté: a tiny virtual machine for sensor networks
Proceedings of the 10th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Efficient code distribution in wireless sensor networks
WSNA '03 Proceedings of the 2nd ACM international conference on Wireless sensor networks and applications
TOSSIM: accurate and scalable simulation of entire TinyOS applications
Proceedings of the 1st international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
The dynamic behavior of a data dissemination protocol for network programming at scale
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Versatile low power media access for wireless sensor networks
SenSys '04 Proceedings of the 2nd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Contiki - A Lightweight and Flexible Operating System for Tiny Networked Sensors
LCN '04 Proceedings of the 29th Annual IEEE International Conference on Local Computer Networks
A dynamic operating system for sensor nodes
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Mobile systems, applications, and services
MNP: Multihop Network Reprogramming Service for Sensor Networks
ICDCS '05 Proceedings of the 25th IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems
VMSTAR: synthesizing scalable runtime environments for sensor networks
Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
Growth codes: maximizing sensor network data persistence
Proceedings of the 2006 conference on Applications, technologies, architectures, and protocols for computer communications
Low power downlink MAC protocols for infrastructure wireless sensor networks
Mobile Networks and Applications
X-MAC: a short preamble MAC protocol for duty-cycled wireless sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Embedded networked sensor systems
NSDI'04 Proceedings of the 1st conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design and Implementation - Volume 1
NSDI'05 Proceedings of the 2nd conference on Symposium on Networked Systems Design & Implementation - Volume 2
Energy-efficient on-demand reprogramming of large-scale sensor networks
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
Single versus multi-hop wireless reprogramming in sensor networks
Proceedings of the 4th International Conference on Testbeds and research infrastructures for the development of networks & communities
TOSThreads: thread-safe and non-invasive preemption in TinyOS
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Darjeeling, a feature-rich VM for the resource poor
Proceedings of the 7th ACM Conference on Embedded Networked Sensor Systems
Exploiting similarity for multi-source downloads using file handprints
NSDI'07 Proceedings of the 4th USENIX conference on Networked systems design & implementation
FlexCup: a flexible and efficient code update mechanism for sensor networks
EWSN'06 Proceedings of the Third European conference on Wireless Sensor Networks
Managing software evolution in large-scale wireless sensor and actuator networks
ACM Transactions on Sensor Networks (TOSN)
A multicast reprogramming protocol for wireless sensor networks based on small world concepts
Journal of Parallel and Distributed Computing
Context-aware service roaming for heterogeneous embedded devices over cloud
Journal of Systems Architecture: the EUROMICRO Journal
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Wireless reprogramming of sensor nodes is an essential requirement for long-lived networks since software functionality needs to be changed over time. During reprogramming, the number of radio transmissions should be minimized, since reprogramming time and energy depend chiefly on the number of radio transmissions. In this article, we present a multihop incremental reprogramming protocol called Zephyr that transfers the delta between old and new software versions, and lets the sensor nodes rebuild the new software using the received delta and the old software. Zephyr reduces the delta size by using application-level modifications to mitigate the effects of function shifts. Then it compares the two binary images at the byte level to generate a small delta, that is then sent over the wireless network to all the nodes. For the wide range of software change cases that we used as benchmarks, Zephyr transfers 1.83 to 1987 times less traffic through the network than Deluge (the standard nonincremental reprogramming protocol for TinyOS) and 1.14 to 49 times less traffic than an existing incremental reprogramming protocol by Jeong and Culler [2004].