Smalltalk: subclassing subtyping is-a
Journal of Object-Oriented Programming
Eiffel: the language
Engineering a programming language: the type and class system of Sather
Proceedings of the international conference on Programming languages and system architectures
A behavioral notion of subtyping
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
Towards consistency-preserving model evolution
Proceedings of the International Workshop on Principles of Software Evolution
The Java Programming Language
Rearchitecting the UML infrastructure
ACM Transactions on Modeling and Computer Simulation (TOMACS)
ECOOP '01 Proceedings of the 15th European Conference on Object-Oriented Programming
Defining UML Family Members Using Prefaces
TOOLS '99 Proceedings of the 32nd International Conference on Technology of Object-Oriented Languages
Ontology Based Context Modeling and Reasoning using OWL
PERCOMW '04 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Annual Conference on Pervasive Computing and Communications Workshops
Nested and specialized associations
Proceedings of the Workshop on Relationships and Associations in Object-Oriented Languages
Model transformations? transformation models!
MoDELS'06 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Model Driven Engineering Languages and Systems
Genericity for model management operations
Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM)
From types to type requirements: genericity for model-driven engineering
Software and Systems Modeling (SoSyM)
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A model-based engineering discipline presupposes that models are organised by creating relationships between them. While there has been considerable work on understanding what it means to instantiate one model from another, little is known about when a model should be considered to be a specialisation of another one. This paper motivates and discusses ways of defining specialisation relationships between models, languages, and transformations respectively. Several alternatives of defining a specialisation relationship are considered and discussed. The paper's main contribution is the introduction of the notions of an observer and a context in order to define and validate specialisation relationships. The ideas and discussions presented in this paper are meant to provide a stepping stone towards a systematic basis for organising models.