Static analysis of linear congruence equalities among variables of a program
TAPSOFT '91 Proceedings of the international joint conference on theory and practice of software development on Colloquium on trees in algebra and programming (CAAP '91): vol 1
Efficiently computing static single assignment form and the control dependence graph
ACM Transactions on Programming Languages and Systems (TOPLAS)
A high-performance microarchitecture with hardware-programmable functional units
MICRO 27 Proceedings of the 27th annual international symposium on Microarchitecture
Computer-aided verification of coordinating processes: the automata-theoretic approach
Computer-aided verification of coordinating processes: the automata-theoretic approach
Model checking
POPL '02 Proceedings of the 29th ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
POPL '77 Proceedings of the 4th ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN symposium on Principles of programming languages
Bebop: A Symbolic Model Checker for Boolean Programs
Proceedings of the 7th International SPIN Workshop on SPIN Model Checking and Software Verification
Intuitionistic Implication in Abstract Interpretation
PLILP '97 Proceedings of the9th International Symposium on Programming Languages: Implementations, Logics, and Programs: Including a Special Trach on Declarative Programming Languages in Education
Counterexample-Guided Abstraction Refinement
CAV '00 Proceedings of the 12th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification
HOIST: a system for automatically deriving static analyzers for embedded systems
ASPLOS XI Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Architectural support for programming languages and operating systems
Deriving abstract transfer functions for analyzing embedded software
Proceedings of the 2006 ACM SIGPLAN/SIGBED conference on Language, compilers, and tool support for embedded systems
Higher-Order and Symbolic Computation
Approximation refinement for interpolation-based model checking
VMCAI'08 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Verification, model checking, and abstract interpretation
Interval analysis of microcontroller code using abstract interpretation of hardware and software
Proceedings of the 13th International Workshop on Software & Compilers for Embedded Systems
Range analysis of microcontroller code using bit-level congruences
FMICS'10 Proceedings of the 15th international conference on Formal methods for industrial critical systems
Automatic abstraction for congruences
VMCAI'10 Proceedings of the 11th international conference on Verification, Model Checking, and Abstract Interpretation
Arcade.PLC: a verification platform for programmable logic controllers
Proceedings of the 27th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Automated Software Engineering
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This paper presents a method for model checking programs for programmable logic controllers (PLCs) using the counterexample-guided abstraction refinement (CEGAR) approach. The technique is tailored to this specific hardware platform by accounting for the cyclic scanning mode that is symptomatic to PLCs. In particular, the hard-ware model poses the need for on-the-fly abstraction refinement in order to guarantee a deterministic control flow. It also allows to treat refinement phases triggered by input and global variables differently, leading to a more effective implementation. The effectiveness of this approach is shown in a case study, which highlights the verification process for function blocks that implement a specification provided by the industrial consortium PLCopen.