Disco: running commodity operating systems on scalable multiprocessors
ACM Transactions on Computer Systems (TOCS)
TLB and snoop energy-reduction using virtual caches in low-power chip-multiprocessors
Proceedings of the 2002 international symposium on Low power electronics and design
Token coherence: decoupling performance and correctness
Proceedings of the 30th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
Proceedings of the 30th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
JETTY: Filtering Snoops for Reduced Energy Consumption in SMP Servers
HPCA '01 Proceedings of the 7th International Symposium on High-Performance Computer Architecture
Xen and the art of virtualization
SOSP '03 Proceedings of the nineteenth ACM symposium on Operating systems principles
Memory resource management in VMware ESX server
OSDI '02 Proceedings of the 5th symposium on Operating systems design and implementationCopyright restrictions prevent ACM from being able to make the PDFs for this conference available for downloading
Intel Virtualization Technology
Computer
RegionScout: Exploiting Coarse Grain Sharing in Snoop-Based Coherence
Proceedings of the 32nd annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
Improving Multiprocessor Performance with Coarse-Grain Coherence Tracking
Proceedings of the 32nd annual international symposium on Computer Architecture
Virtual hierarchies to support server consolidation
Proceedings of the 34th annual international symposium on Computer architecture
The PARSEC benchmark suite: characterization and architectural implications
Proceedings of the 17th international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques
Efficient unicast and multicast support for CMPs
Proceedings of the 41st annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Proceedings of the 41st annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
In-network coherence filtering: snoopy coherence without broadcasts
Proceedings of the 42nd Annual IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Microarchitecture
Subspace snooping: filtering snoops with operating system support
Proceedings of the 19th international conference on Parallel architectures and compilation techniques
Difference engine: harnessing memory redundancy in virtual machines
OSDI'08 Proceedings of the 8th USENIX conference on Operating systems design and implementation
Satori: enlightened page sharing
USENIX'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on USENIX Annual technical conference
Fido: fast inter-virtual-machine communication for enterprise appliances
USENIX'09 Proceedings of the 2009 conference on USENIX Annual technical conference
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Virtualization has been rapidly expanding its applications in numerous server and desktop environments to improve the utilization and manageability of physical systems. Such proliferation of virtualized systems opens a new opportunity to improve the scalability of future multi-core architectures. Among the scalability bottlenecks in multi-cores, cache coherence has been a critical problem. Although snoop-based protocols have been dominating commercial multi-core designs, it has been difficult to scale them for more cores, as snooping protocols require high network bandwidth and power consumption for snooping all the caches. In this paper, we propose a novel snoop-based cache coherence protocol, called virtual snooping, for virtualized multi-core architectures. Virtual snooping exploits memory isolation across virtual machines and prevents unnecessary snoop requests from crossing the virtual machine boundaries. Each virtual machine becomes a virtual snoop domain, consisting of a subset of the cores in a system. However, in real virtualized systems, virtual machines cannot partition the cores perfectly without any data sharing across the snoop partitions. This paper investigates three factors, which break the memory isolation among virtual machines: data sharing with a hyper visor, virtual machine relocation, and content-based data sharing. In this paper, we explore the design space of virtual snooping with experiments on real virtualized systems and approximate simulations. The results show that virtual snooping can reduce snoops significantly even if virtual machines migrate frequently. We also propose mechanisms to address content-based data sharing by exploiting its read-only property.