Probabilistic reasoning in intelligent systems: networks of plausible inference
Probabilistic reasoning in intelligent systems: networks of plausible inference
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Hyperpatches for 3D Model Acquisition and Tracking
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Introductory Techniques for 3-D Computer Vision
Introductory Techniques for 3-D Computer Vision
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Stochastic Tracking of 3D Human Figures Using 2D Image Motion
ECCV '00 Proceedings of the 6th European Conference on Computer Vision-Part II
Tracking Facial Features using Gabor Wavelet Networks
SIBGRAPI '00 Proceedings of the 13th Brazilian Symposium on Computer Graphics and Image Processing
Locating and Tracking Facial Landmarks Using Gabor Wavelet Networks
ICAPR '01 Proceedings of the Second International Conference on Advances in Pattern Recognition
Comprehensive Database for Facial Expression Analysis
FG '00 Proceedings of the Fourth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition 2000
Using the Active Appearance Algorithm for Face and Facial Feature Tracking
RATFG-RTS '01 Proceedings of the IEEE ICCV Workshop on Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in Real-Time Systems (RATFG-RTS'01)
Real-time View-based Face Alignment using Active Wavelet Networks
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Stable Real-Time 3D Tracking Using Online and Offline Information
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Visual Hand Tracking Using Nonparametric Belief Propagation
CVPRW '04 Proceedings of the 2004 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition Workshop (CVPRW'04) Volume 12 - Volume 12
A Balanced Approach to 3D Tracking from Image Streams
ISMAR '05 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Correctness of Local Probability Propagation in Graphical Models with Loops
Neural Computation
An accurate active shape model for facial feature extraction
Pattern Recognition Letters
Real-Time Camera Tracking Using Known 3D Models and a Particle Filter
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 01
ICPR '06 Proceedings of the 18th International Conference on Pattern Recognition - Volume 01
Spatio-temporal graphical-model-based multiple facial feature tracking
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Active appearance models with occlusion
Image and Vision Computing
Real-time combined 2D+3D active appearance models
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
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In this paper a facial feature point tracker that is motivated by applications such as human-computer interfaces and facial expression analysis systems is proposed. The proposed tracker is based on a graphical model framework. The facial features are tracked through video streams by incorporating statistical relations in time as well as spatial relations between feature points. By exploiting the spatial relationships between feature points, the proposed method provides robustness in real-world conditions such as arbitrary head movements and occlusions. A Gabor feature-based occlusion detector is developed and used to handle occlusions. The performance of the proposed tracker has been evaluated on real video data under various conditions including occluded facial gestures and head movements. It is also compared to two popular methods, one based on Kalman filtering exploiting temporal relations, and the other based on active appearance models (AAM). Improvements provided by the proposed approach are demonstrated through both visual displays and quantitative analysis.