Image Analysis Using Multigrid Relaxation Methods
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Geometry and photometry in three-dimensional visual recognition
Geometry and photometry in three-dimensional visual recognition
Recognizing Human Facial Expressions From Long Image Sequences Using Optical Flow
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Probabilistic Visual Learning for Object Representation
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Coding, Analysis, Interpretation, and Recognition of Facial Expressions
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Neural Network-Based Face Detection
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Recognizing Facial Expressions in Image Sequences Using Local Parameterized Models of Image Motion
International Journal of Computer Vision
EigenTracking: Robust Matching and Tracking of Articulated Objects Using a View-Based Representation
International Journal of Computer Vision
Efficient Region Tracking With Parametric Models of Geometry and Illumination
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Incremental Focus of Attention for Robust Vision-Based Tracking
International Journal of Computer Vision
3-D Motion Estimation in Model-Based Facial Image Coding
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Analysis and Synthesis of Facial Image Sequences Using Physical and Anatomical Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ECCV '98 Proceedings of the 5th European Conference on Computer Vision-Volume II - Volume II
Color-Based Tracking of Heads and Other Mobile Objects at Video Frame Rates
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Projective registration with difference decomposition
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Multi-Modal Tracking of Faces for Video Communications
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
LAFTER: Lips and Face Real-Time Tracker
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
Parametrized structure from motion for 3D adaptive feedback tracking of faces
CVPR '97 Proceedings of the 1997 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '97)
CVPR '96 Proceedings of the 1996 Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition (CVPR '96)
Head Tracking via Robust Registration in Texture Map Images
CVPR '98 Proceedings of the IEEE Computer Society Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
Computing 3-D head orientation from a monocular image sequence
FG '96 Proceedings of the 2nd International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition (FG '96)
Jacobian Images of Super-Resolved Texture Maps for Model-Based Motion Estimation and Tracking
WACV '98 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE Workshop on Applications of Computer Vision (WACV'98)
ICCV '95 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision
Motion Regularization for Model-Based Head Tracking
ICPR '96 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR '96) Volume III-Volume 7276 - Volume 7276
ICCV '98 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision
A Mixed-State Condensation Tracker with Automatic Model-Switching
ICCV '98 Proceedings of the Sixth International Conference on Computer Vision
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Using Photo-Consistency to Register 2D Optical Images of the Human Face to a 3D Surface Model
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Hyperpatches for 3D Model Acquisition and Tracking
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Generation of Temporally Consistent Multiple Virtual Camera Views from Stereoscopic Image Sequences
International Journal of Computer Vision
Hyperplane Approximation for Template Matching
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Face-Responsive Interfaces: From Direct Manipulation to Perceptive Presence
UbiComp '02 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Ubiquitous Computing
Robust Head Pose Estimation Using Textured Polygonal Model with Local Correlation Measure
PCM '01 Proceedings of the Second IEEE Pacific Rim Conference on Multimedia: Advances in Multimedia Information Processing
An affordable optical head tracking system for desktop VR/AR systems
EGVE '03 Proceedings of the workshop on Virtual environments 2003
Machine Vision and Applications - Special issue: IEEE WACV
Proceedings of the 2003 ACM SIGGRAPH/Eurographics symposium on Computer animation
Statistical Cue Integration in DAG Deformable Models
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
CFBOX(tm): Superimposing 3D Human Face on Motion Picture
VSMM '01 Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Virtual Systems and Multimedia (VSMM'01)
Active blobs: region-based, deformable appearance models
Computer Vision and Image Understanding - Special issue on nonrigid image registration
Efficient Active Appearance Model for Real-Time Head and Facial Feature Tracking
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Head Pose Estimation using Fisher Manifold Learning
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Shape and appearance models of talking faces for model-based tracking
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Absolute Head Pose Estimation From Overhead Wide-Angle Cameras
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Pose Estimation using 3D View-Based Eigenspaces
AMFG '03 Proceedings of the IEEE International Workshop on Analysis and Modeling of Faces and Gestures
Perceptual user interfaces using vision-based eye tracking
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Understanding human behavior from motion imagery
Machine Vision and Applications - Special issue: Human modeling, analysis, and synthesis
Lucas-Kanade 20 Years On: A Unifying Framework
International Journal of Computer Vision
Mimicking video: real-time morphable 3D model fitting
Proceedings of the ACM symposium on Virtual reality software and technology
Stable Real-Time 3D Tracking Using Online and Offline Information
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Automatic pan control system for broadcasting ball games based on audience's face direction
Proceedings of the 12th annual ACM international conference on Multimedia
From conversational tooltips to grounded discourse: head poseTracking in interactive dialog systems
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Automatic Sign Language Analysis: A Survey and the Future beyond Lexical Meaning
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Hardware implementation of optical flow constraint equation using FPGAs
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Hand Motion Gesture Frequency Properties and Multimodal Discourse Analysis
International Journal of Computer Vision
Monocular model-based 3D tracking of rigid objects
Foundations and Trends® in Computer Graphics and Vision
Moving object tracking under varying illumination conditions
Pattern Recognition Letters
Outlier rejection in high-dimensional deformable models
Image and Vision Computing
ENCARA2: Real-time detection of multiple faces at different resolutions in video streams
Journal of Visual Communication and Image Representation
Lie algebra approach for tracking and 3D motion estimation using monocular vision
Image and Vision Computing
Model-based real-time head tracking
EURASIP Journal on Applied Signal Processing
Rigid and non-rigid face motion tracking by aligning texture maps and stereo 3D models
Pattern Recognition Letters
Reducing drift in differential tracking
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Head pose tracking and gesture detection using block motion vectors on mobile devices
Mobility '07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on mobile technology, applications, and systems and the 1st international symposium on Computer human interaction in mobile technology
Robust head tracking using 3D ellipsoidal head model in particle filter
Pattern Recognition
3D shape-encoded particle filter for object tracking and its application to human body tracking
Journal on Image and Video Processing - Anthropocentric Video Analysis: Tools and Applications
Pose Robust Face Tracking by Combining Active Appearance Models and Cylinder Head Models
International Journal of Computer Vision
Evaluation of an appearance-based 3D face tracker using dense 3D data
Machine Vision and Applications
Hierarchical Eyelid and Face Tracking
IbPRIA '07 Proceedings of the 3rd Iberian conference on Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis, Part I
Biometric and Color Features Fusion for Face Detection and Tracking in Natural Video Sequences
IWINAC '07 Proceedings of the 2nd international work-conference on Nature Inspired Problem-Solving Methods in Knowledge Engineering: Interplay Between Natural and Artificial Computation, Part II
Apperance-Based Tracking and Face Identification in Video Sequences
AMDO '08 Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
Face Tracking for Spatially Aware Mobile User Interfaces
ICISP '08 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Image and Signal Processing
Facial expression recognition - A real time approach
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Marker-less registration based on template tracking for augmented reality
Multimedia Tools and Applications
Automatic Eigentemplate Learning for Sparse Template Tracker
PSIVT '09 Proceedings of the 3rd Pacific Rim Symposium on Advances in Image and Video Technology
Hybrid tracking algorithms for planar and non-planar structures subject to illumination changes
ISMAR '06 Proceedings of the 5th IEEE and ACM International Symposium on Mixed and Augmented Reality
Efficient illumination independent appearance-based face tracking
Image and Vision Computing
Pose-Invariant Facial Expression Recognition Using Variable-Intensity Templates
International Journal of Computer Vision
Locating nose-tips and estimating head poses in images by tensorposes
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
IEEE Transactions on Circuits and Systems for Video Technology
Hardware implementation of optical flow constraint equation using FPGAs
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
A natural head pose and eye gaze dataset
Proceedings of the International Workshop on Affective-Aware Virtual Agents and Social Robots
Three-dimensional face pose detection and tracking using monocular videos: tool and application
IEEE Transactions on Systems, Man, and Cybernetics, Part B: Cybernetics - Special issue on cybernetics and cognitive informatics
On-line modeling for real-time 3D target tracking
Machine Vision and Applications
Structure and appearance features for robust 3D facial actions tracking
ICME'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Multimedia and Expo
Real-time face tracking and pose estimation with partitioned sampling and relevance vector machine
ICRA'09 Proceedings of the 2009 IEEE international conference on Robotics and Automation
Face detection and tracking in video sequences using the modifiedcensus transformation
Image and Vision Computing
Tracking a detected face with dynamic programming
Image and Vision Computing
Efficient particle filtering using RANSAC with application to 3D face tracking
Image and Vision Computing
Adaptive object detection and recognition based on a feedback strategy
Image and Vision Computing
Statistical Methods and Models for Video-Based Tracking, Modeling, and Recognition
Foundations and Trends in Signal Processing
Low-latency combined eye and head tracking system for teleoperating a robotic head in real-time
Proceedings of the 2010 Symposium on Eye-Tracking Research & Applications
Monocular head pose estimation using generalized adaptive view-based appearance model
Image and Vision Computing
Refining face tracking with integral projections
AVBPA'03 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Audio- and video-based biometric person authentication
Contour/texture approach for visual tracking
SCIA'03 Proceedings of the 13th Scandinavian conference on Image analysis
International Journal of Computer Vision
Integrating multiple visual cues for robust real-time 3D face tracking
AMFG'07 Proceedings of the 3rd international conference on Analysis and modeling of faces and gestures
Realistic facial modeling and animation based on high resolution capture
ACIVS'07 Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Advanced concepts for intelligent vision systems
Horizontal human face pose determination using pupils and skin region positions
PSIVT'07 Proceedings of the 2nd Pacific Rim conference on Advances in image and video technology
Patch-based face recognition from video
ICIP'09 Proceedings of the 16th IEEE international conference on Image processing
Online visual tracking with histograms and articulating blocks
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Cluster-based distributed face tracking in camera networks
IEEE Transactions on Image Processing - Special section on distributed camera networks: sensing, processing, communication, and implementation
Synthesizing expressions using facial feature point tracking: how emotion is conveyed
Proceedings of the 3rd international workshop on Affective interaction in natural environments
Efficient model-based linear head motion recovery from movies
CVPR'04 Proceedings of the 2004 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Tracking 3D pose of rigid objects using Inverse Compositional Active Appearance Models
International Journal of Knowledge-based and Intelligent Engineering Systems
A robust head pose estimation system for uncalibrated monocular videos
Proceedings of the Seventh Indian Conference on Computer Vision, Graphics and Image Processing
A robust elliptical head tracker
FGR' 04 Proceedings of the Sixth IEEE international conference on Automatic face and gesture recognition
A graphical model based solution to the facial feature point tracking problem
Image and Vision Computing
Adaptive view-based appearance models
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
Robust: real-time 3D face tracking from a monocular view
Journal on Image and Video Processing
International Journal of Human-Computer Studies
Head pose estimation with one camera, in uncalibrated environments
Proceedings of the 2010 workshop on Eye gaze in intelligent human machine interaction
Model free head pose estimation using stereovision
Pattern Recognition
Head pose estimation in solving human-computer interaction problems
Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
Correlation-based incremental visual tracking
Pattern Recognition
Combining human perception and geometric restrictions for automatic pedestrian detection
CAEPIA'05 Proceedings of the 11th Spanish association conference on Current Topics in Artificial Intelligence
3D face tracking using appearance registration and robust iterative closest point algorithm
ISCIS'06 Proceedings of the 21st international conference on Computer and Information Sciences
Rigid and non-rigid face motion tracking by aligning texture maps and stereo-based 3d models
ACIVS'06 Proceedings of the 8th international conference on Advanced Concepts For Intelligent Vision Systems
Combined head, lips, eyebrows, and eyelids tracking using adaptive appearance models
AMDO'06 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Articulated Motion and Deformable Objects
PReMI'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence
3D facial pose tracking in uncalibrated videos
PReMI'05 Proceedings of the First international conference on Pattern Recognition and Machine Intelligence
An investigation of model bias in 3d face tracking
AMFG'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Analysis and Modelling of Faces and Gestures
A direct method for real-time tracking in 3-d under variable illumination
PR'05 Proceedings of the 27th DAGM conference on Pattern Recognition
ACCV'06 Proceedings of the 7th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Stereo tracking error analysis by comparison with an electromagnetic tracking device
SCIA'05 Proceedings of the 14th Scandinavian conference on Image Analysis
Real time head tracking via camera saccade and shape-fitting
ICIAR'05 Proceedings of the Second international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
3D motion segmentation using intensity trajectory
ACCV'09 Proceedings of the 9th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part I
Robust head tracking with particles based on multiple cues fusion
ECCV'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Computer Vision in Human-Computer Interaction
ICSR'11 Proceedings of the Third international conference on Social Robotics
Directional eigentemplate learning for sparse template tracker
PSIVT'11 Proceedings of the 5th Pacific Rim conference on Advances in Image and Video Technology - Volume Part II
Pose robust face tracking by combining view-based AAMs and temporal filters
Computer Vision and Image Understanding
Lateral head tracking in desktop virtual reality
EGVE'04 Proceedings of the Tenth Eurographics conference on Virtual Environments
Robust 3D head tracking and its applications
ICB'07 Proceedings of the 2007 international conference on Advances in Biometrics
Real-time 3D head tracking under rapidly changing pose, head movement and illumination
ICIAR'07 Proceedings of the 4th international conference on Image Analysis and Recognition
Dictionary-based face recognition from video
ECCV'12 Proceedings of the 12th European conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part VI
Low-cost head position tracking for gaze point estimation
Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on PErvasive Technologies Related to Assistive Environments
Multi-constraints face detect-track system
CISIM'12 Proceedings of the 11th IFIP TC 8 international conference on Computer Information Systems and Industrial Management
Assessment of human head pose in human-computer interaction
Pattern Recognition and Image Analysis
Robust real time face tracking in mobile devices
Proceedings of the 7th International Conference on Ubiquitous Information Management and Communication
Hierarchical On-line Appearance-Based Tracking for 3D head pose, eyebrows, lips, eyelids and irises
Image and Vision Computing
Efficient learning of linear predictors using dimensionality reduction
ACCV'12 Proceedings of the 11th Asian conference on Computer Vision - Volume Part III
Non-manual cues in automatic sign language recognition
Personal and Ubiquitous Computing
Visual Focus of Attention in Non-calibrated Environments using Gaze Estimation
International Journal of Computer Vision
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An improved technique for 3D head tracking under varying illumination conditions is proposed. The head is modeled as a texture mapped cylinder. Tracking is formulated as an image registration problem in the cylinder's texture map image. The resulting dynamic texture map provides a stabilized view of the face that can be used as input to many existing 2D techniques for face recognition, facial expressions analysis, lip reading, and eye tracking. To solve the registration problem in the presence of lighting variation and head motion, the residual error of registration is modeled as a linear combination of texture warping templates and orthogonal illumination templates. Fast and stable on-line tracking is achieved via regularized, weighted least-squares minimization of the registration error. The regularization term tends to limit potential ambiguities that arise in the warping and illumination templates. It enables stable tracking over extended sequences. Tracking does not require a precise initial fit of the model; the system is initialized automatically using a simple 2D face detector. The only assumption is that the target is facing the camera in the first frame of the sequence. The formulation is tailored to take advantage of texture mapping hardware available in many workstations, PCs, and game consoles. The nonoptimized implementation runs at about 15 frames per second on a SGI O2 graphic workstation. Extensive experiments evaluating the effectiveness of the formulation are reported. The sensitivity of the technique to illumination, regularization parameters, errors in the initial positioning, and internal camera parameters are analyzed. Examples and applications of tracking are reported.