Face Recognition by Elastic Bunch Graph Matching
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Pfinder: Real-Time Tracking of the Human Body
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Efficient Region Tracking With Parametric Models of Geometry and Illumination
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Embodiment in conversational interfaces: Rea
Proceedings of the SIGCHI conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A morphable model for the synthesis of 3D faces
Proceedings of the 26th annual conference on Computer graphics and interactive techniques
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Relational agents: a model and implementation of building user trust
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
ICCV '95 Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer Vision
Motion Regularization for Model-Based Head Tracking
ICPR '96 Proceedings of the International Conference on Pattern Recognition (ICPR '96) Volume III-Volume 7276 - Volume 7276
Tracking Focus of Attention in Meetings
ICMI '02 Proceedings of the 4th IEEE International Conference on Multimodal Interfaces
Fast Stereo-Based Head Tracking for Interactive Environments
FGR '02 Proceedings of the Fifth IEEE International Conference on Automatic Face and Gesture Recognition
Head Gestures for Computer Control
RATFG-RTS '01 Proceedings of the IEEE ICCV Workshop on Recognition, Analysis, and Tracking of Faces and Gestures in Real-Time Systems (RATFG-RTS'01)
A multi-modal approach for determining speaker location and focus
Proceedings of the 5th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
Where to look: a study of human-robot engagement
Proceedings of the 9th international conference on Intelligent user interfaces
A real-time head nod and shake detector
Proceedings of the 2001 workshop on Perceptive user interfaces
Nodding in conversations with a robot
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Impact of video editing based on participants' gaze in multiparty conversation
CHI '04 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Towards a model of face-to-face grounding
ACL '03 Proceedings of the 41st Annual Meeting on Association for Computational Linguistics - Volume 1
Adaptive view-based appearance models
CVPR'03 Proceedings of the 2003 IEEE computer society conference on Computer vision and pattern recognition
The effect of head-nod recognition in human-robot conversation
Proceedings of the 1st ACM SIGCHI/SIGART conference on Human-robot interaction
Mapping the demographics of virtual humans
BCS-HCI '07 Proceedings of the 21st British HCI Group Annual Conference on People and Computers: HCI...but not as we know it - Volume 2
A realistic, virtual head for human-computer interaction
Interacting with Computers
ICIAP'11 Proceedings of the 16th international conference on Image analysis and processing: Part I
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Head pose and gesture offer several key conversational grounding cues and are used extensively in face-to-face interaction among people. While the machine interpretation of these cues has previously been limited to output modalities, recent advances in face-pose tracking allow for systems which are robust and accurate enough to sense natural grounding gestures. We present the design of a module that detects these cues and show examples of its integration in three different conversational agents with varying degrees of discourse model complexity. Using a scripted discourse model and off-the-shelf animation and speech-recognition components, we demonstrate the use of this module in a novel "conversational tooltip" task, where additional information is spontaneously provided by an animated character when users attendto various physical objects or characters in the environment. We further describe the integration of our module in two systems where animated and robotic characters interact with users based on rich discourse and semantic models.