Using a human face in an interface
CHI '94 Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The media equation: how people treat computers, television, and new media like real people and places
Embodied conversational interface agents
Communications of the ACM
From conversational tooltips to grounded discourse: head poseTracking in interactive dialog systems
Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Multimodal interfaces
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ACM Transactions on Computer-Human Interaction (TOCHI)
Empathic agents to reduce user frustration: The effects of varying agent characteristics
Interacting with Computers
Human-Computer Interaction
The Attractiveness Stereotype in the Evaluation of Embodied Conversational Agents
INTERACT '09 Proceedings of the 12th IFIP TC 13 International Conference on Human-Computer Interaction: Part I
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This paper presents a census of 147 virtual agents, by examining and reporting on their physical and demographical characteristics. The study shows that the vast majority of agents developed are from a white ethnic background. Overall, female agents tend to be more photo realistic than their male counterparts who are more cartoon like. These findings highlight current stereotypes in relation to agents and contribute to a deeper understanding of virtual worlds.