See-Through Walls: Motion Tracking Using Variance-Based Radio Tomography Networks

Authors:
Joey Wilson;Neal Patwari
Affiliations:
University of Utah, Salt Lake City;University of Utah, Salt Lake City
Venue:
IEEE Transactions on Mobile Computing
Year:
2011

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Abstract

This paper presents a new method for imaging, localizing, and tracking motion behind walls in real time. The method takes advantage of the motion-induced variance of received signal strength measurements made in a wireless peer-to-peer network. Using a multipath channel model, we show that the signal strength on a wireless link is largely dependent on the power contained in multipath components that travel through space containing moving objects. A statistical model relating variance to spatial locations of movement is presented and used as a framework for the estimation of a motion image. From the motion image, the Kalman filter is applied to recursively track the coordinates of a moving target. Experimental results for a 34-node through-wall imaging and tracking system over a 780 square foot area are presented.