Using a language of functions and relations for VLSI specification
FPCA '95 Proceedings of the seventh international conference on Functional programming languages and computer architecture
Lava: hardware design in Haskell
ICFP '98 Proceedings of the third ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming
A functional language for description and design of digital systems: sequential constructs
DAC '85 Proceedings of the 22nd ACM/IEEE Design Automation Conference
HML, a novel hardware description language and its translation to VHDL
IEEE Transactions on Very Large Scale Integration (VLSI) Systems
From Transistors to Computer Architecture: Teaching Functional Circuit Specification in Hydra
FPLE '95 Proceedings of the First International Symposium on Functional Programming Languages in Education
A Statically Allocated Parallel Functional Language
ICALP '00 Proceedings of the 27th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming
Generating Netlists from Executable Circuit Specifications
Proceedings of the 1992 Glasgow Workshop on Functional Programming
Observable Sharing for Functional Circuit Description
ASIAN '99 Proceedings of the 5th Asian Computing Science Conference on Advances in Computing Science
Applicative programming and digital design
POPL '84 Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGACT-SIGPLAN symposium on Principles of programming languages
muFP, a language for VLSI design
LFP '84 Proceedings of the 1984 ACM Symposium on LISP and functional programming
Microprocessor Specification in Hawk
ICCL '98 Proceedings of the 1998 International Conference on Computer Languages
Journal of Functional Programming
A reflective functional language for hardware design and theorem proving
Journal of Functional Programming
Geometry of synthesis: a structured approach to VLSI design
Proceedings of the 34th annual ACM SIGPLAN-SIGACT symposium on Principles of programming languages
Proceedings of the 13th ACM SIGPLAN international conference on Functional programming
Wired: wire-aware circuit design
CHARME'05 Proceedings of the 13 IFIP WG 10.5 international conference on Correct Hardware Design and Verification Methods
Synchronous digital circuits as functional programs
ACM Computing Surveys (CSUR)
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In efforts to overcome the complexity of the syntax and the lack of formal semantics of conventional hardware description languages, a number of functional hardware description languages have been developed. Like conventional hardware description languages, however, functional hardware description languages eventually convert all source programs into netlists, which describe wire connections in hardware circuits at the lowest level and conceal all high-level descriptions written into source programs. We develop a calculus, called lλ (linear lambda), which may serve as an intermediate functional language just above netlists in the hierarchy of hardware description languages. In order to support higher-order functions, lλ uses a linear type system, which enforces the linear use of variables of function type. The translation of lλ into structural descriptions of hardware circuits is sound and complete in the sense that it maps expressions only to realizable hardware circuits, and that every realizable hardware circuit has a corresponding expression in lλ. To illustrate the use of lλ as a practical intermediate language for hardware description, we design a simple hardware description language that extends lλ with polymorphism, and use it to implement a fast Fourier transform circuit and a bitonic sorting network.