Electronic music: new ways to play
IEEE Spectrum
Augmenting the mouse with pressure sensitive input
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Providing dynamically changeable physical buttons on a visual display
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
A practical pressure sensitive computer keyboard
Proceedings of the 22nd annual ACM symposium on User interface software and technology
Characteristics of pressure-based input for mobile devices
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Real-time interaction with supervised learning
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
Toward a computationally-enhanced acoustic grand piano
CHI '10 Extended Abstracts on Human Factors in Computing Systems
The space between the notes: adding expressive pitch control to the piano keyboard
Proceedings of the SIGCHI Conference on Human Factors in Computing Systems
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In this paper we present a new keyboard interface for computer music applications. Where traditional keyboard controllers report the velocity of each key-press, our interface senses up to five separate dimensions: velocity, percussiveness, rigidity, weight, and depth. These dimensions, which we identified based on the pedagogical piano literature and pilot studies with professional pianists, together present a rich picture of physical gestures at the keyboard, including information on the performer's motion before, during, and after a note is played. User studies confirm that the sensed dimensions are intuitive and controllable and that mappings between gesture and sound produce novel, playable musical instruments, even for users without prior keyboard experience. The multidimensional sensing capability demonstrated in this paper is also potentially applicable to button interfaces outside the musical domain.