Elements of information theory
Elements of information theory
Multi-issue negotiation under time constraints
Proceedings of the first international joint conference on Autonomous agents and multiagent systems: part 1
An agenda-based framework for multi-issue negotiation
Artificial Intelligence
Learning on opponent's preferences to make effective multi-issue negotiation trade-offs
ICEC '04 Proceedings of the 6th international conference on Electronic commerce
Preference structures and negotiator behavior in electronic negotiations
Decision Support Systems
An HDP-HMM for systems with state persistence
Proceedings of the 25th international conference on Machine learning
Multi-issue negotiation protocol for agents: exploring nonlinear utility spaces
IJCAI'07 Proceedings of the 20th international joint conference on Artifical intelligence
The minimum description length principle in coding and modeling
IEEE Transactions on Information Theory
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Despite the widespread adoption of e-commerce and online purchasing by consumers over the last two decades, automated software agents that can negotiate the issues of an e-commerce transaction with consumers still do not exist. A major challenge in designing automated agents lies in the ability to predict the consumer's behavior adequately throughout the negotiation process. We employ switching linear dynamical systems (SLDS) within a minimum description length framework to predict the consumer's behavior. Based on the SLDS prediction model, we design software agents that negotiate e-commerce transactions with consumers on behalf of online merchants. We evaluate the agents through simulations of typical negotiation behavior models discussed in the negotiation literature and actual buyer behavior from an agent-human negotiation experiment.