The relevance of quantum cryptography in modern networking systems

  • Authors:
  • Khalil Dajani;Robert Owor;Zephyrinus Okonkwo

  • Affiliations:
  • Albany State University, Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Albany, Georgia;Albany State University, Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Albany, Georgia;Albany State University, Department of Mathematics & Computer Science, Albany, Georgia

  • Venue:
  • Neural, Parallel & Scientific Computations
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

The combination of physics, mathematics, and computer science in quantum computing has developed from a visionary idea to one of the most fascinating and promising areas of quantum mechanics in the past two decades. Research in the field of quantum cryptography promises extremely fast, robust, and impenetrable electronic and photonic security; almost unbreakable! Moreover, the long standing eavesdropping problem of the "man in the middle" attack may finally be solved once and for all. As computing power increases, and as hackers and attackers become more sophisticated, it is feared that sooner or later, traditional cryptography based on mathematically intractable algorithms may be no match for parallelized quantum based processors. For this reason, quantum cryptography, based on the laws of quantum statistical mechanics provides a welcome solution to this fear. This paper explores the basic tenets of quantum cryptography and how the mathematical principles therein apply to the quantum key distribution problem; a central concern in the implementation of quantum cryptography in distributed networks. The quantum key distribution protocol implemented in BB84 protocol is also described and compared to traditional cryptographic systems. A short overview of recent commercial implementations of quantum cryptography is presented with the encountered successes and limitations discussed. This paper explores the development of quantum networks, from the onset of the development of secure communication based on quantum cryptography and concludes with a brief outline of the key challenges facing quantum cryptography implementation in wireless applications and long haul communications.