CNLS '89 Proceedings of the ninth annual international conference of the Center for Nonlinear Studies on Self-organizing, Collective, and Cooperative Phenomena in Natural and Artificial Computing Networks on Emergent computation
Language, representation and contexts
Journal of Information Processing
The anatomy of a large-scale hypertextual Web search engine
WWW7 Proceedings of the seventh international conference on World Wide Web 7
Information retrieval and artificial intelligence
Artificial Intelligence - Special issue on applications of artificial intelligence
Using the web to obtain frequencies for unseen bigrams
Computational Linguistics - Special issue on web as corpus
Computational Linguistics
Karen Spärck Jones (1935-2007)
IEEE Intelligent Systems
The Semantic Web: Apotheosis of Annotation, but What Are Its Semantics?
IEEE Intelligent Systems
Sindice.com: a document-oriented lookup index for open linked data
International Journal of Metadata, Semantics and Ontologies
IJCAI'77 Proceedings of the 5th international joint conference on Artificial intelligence - Volume 1
Some Philosophical Issues in Computer Science
Minds and Machines
The identity of resources on the Web: An ontology for Web architecture
Applied Ontology - Is there Beauty in Ontologies?
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We examine a crucial question for the World Wide Web: What does a Uniform Resource Identifier (URI) mean? Crucial for the next-generation Semantic Web, can it refer to things outside web-pages? The Web is a universal information space for naming and accessing information via URIs. However, the classical philosophical problems of meaning and reference that have been the source of debate within the philosophy of language return when the Web is given as the foundation for a knowledge representation with the Semantic Web. Debates on the Semantic Web about the meaning and referential status of a URI are explored as analogues to debates about the meaning and reference of names in the philosophy of language. Three main positions are inspected: the logical position, as exemplified by the descriptivist theory of reference, the direct reference position, as exemplified by Putnam and Kripke's causal theory of reference, and a Wittgensteinian position that views URIs as a public language, as exemplified by Web search engines. These positions show that debates within the philosophy of language are alive and well on the Web, and so in the philosophy of computer science.