Tight lower bounds for the size of epsilon-nets

  • Authors:
  • János Pach;Gábor Tardos

  • Affiliations:
  • EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland;Rényi Institute, Budapest, Hungary

  • Venue:
  • Proceedings of the twenty-seventh annual symposium on Computational geometry
  • Year:
  • 2011

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Abstract

According to a well known theorem of Haussler and Welzl (1987), any range space of bounded VC-dimension admits an ε-net of size O(1/ε log 1/ε). Using probabilistic techniques, Pach and Woeginger (1990) showed that there exist range spaces of VC-dimension 2, for which the above bound is sharp. The only known range spaces of small VC-dimension, in which the ranges are geometric objects in some Euclidean space and the size of the smallest ε-nets is superlinear in 1/ε, were found by Alon (2010). In his examples, every ε-net is of size Ω(1/εg(1/ε)), where g is an extremely slowly growing function, related to the inverse Ackermann function. We show that there exist geometrically defined range spaces, already of VC-dimension 2, in which the size of the smallest ε-nets is Ω(1/ε log 1/ε). We also construct range spaces induced by axis-parallel rectangles in the plane, in which the size of the smallest ε-nets is Ω(1/ε log log 1/ε). By a theorem of Aronov, Ezra, and Sharir (2010), this bound is tight.