NP VS QMAlog(2)

  • Authors:
  • Salman Beigi

  • Affiliations:
  • Institute for Quantum Information, California Institute of Technology, California

  • Venue:
  • Quantum Information & Computation
  • Year:
  • 2010

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Abstract

Although it is believed unlikely that NP-hard problems admit efficient quantum algo-rithms, it has been shown that a quantum verifier can solve NP-complete problemsgiven a "short" quantum proof; more precisely, NP ⊆ QMAlog(2) where QMAlog(2) de-notes the class of quantum Merlin-Arthur games in which there are two unentangledprovers who send two logarithmic size quantum witnesses to the verifier. The inclusionNP ⊆ QMAlog(2) has been proved by Blier and Tapp by stating a quantum Merlin-Arthurprotocol for 3-coloring with perfect completeness and gap 1/24n6. Moreover, Aaronson etal. have shown the above inclusion with a constant gap by considering Õ(√n) witnessesof logarithmic size. However, we still do not know if QMAlog(2) with a constant gapcontains NP. In this paper, we show that 3-SAT admits a QMAlog(2) protocol with thegap 1/n3+ε for every constant ε 0.