Quantitative information flow and applications to differential privacy

  • Authors:
  • Mário S. Alvim;Miguel E. Andrés;Konstantinos Chatzikokolakis;Catuscia Palamidessi

  • Affiliations:
  • INRIA and LIX, Ecole Polytechnique, France;INRIA and LIX, Ecole Polytechnique, France;INRIA and LIX, Ecole Polytechnique, France;INRIA and LIX, Ecole Polytechnique, France

  • Venue:
  • Foundations of security analysis and design VI
  • Year:
  • 2011

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Abstract

Secure information flow is the problem of ensuring that the information made publicly available by a computational system does not leak information that should be kept secret. Since it is practically impossible to avoid leakage entirely, in recent years there has been a growing interest in considering the quantitative aspects of information flow, in order to measure and compare the amount of leakage. Information theory is widely regarded as a natural framework to provide firm foundations to quantitive information flow. In this notes we review the two main information-theoretic approaches that have been investigated: the one based on Shannon entropy, and the one based on Rényi min-entropy. Furthermore, we discuss some applications in the area of privacy. In particular, we consider statistical databases and the recently-proposed notion of differential privacy. Using the information-theoretic view, we discuss the bound that differential privacy induces on leakage, and the trade-off between utility and privacy.