Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Artificial intelligence: a modern approach
Artificial Life
Non-Photorealistic Rendering
Cubist Style Rendering from Photographs
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Stroke Surfaces: Temporally Coherent Artistic Animations from Video
IEEE Transactions on Visualization and Computer Graphics
Artificial Life Models in Software
Artificial Life Models in Software
NPAR by Example: Line Drawing Facial Animation from Photographs
CGIV '06 Proceedings of the International Conference on Computer Graphics, Imaging and Visualisation
Mimetic variations on stigmergic swarm paintings
EA'07 Proceedings of the Evolution artificielle, 8th international conference on Artificial evolution
EuroGP'06 Proceedings of the 2006 international conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computing
Playing in the pheromone playground: experiences in swarm painting
EC'05 Proceedings of the 3rd European conference on Applications of Evolutionary Computing
Ant colony system: a cooperative learning approach to the traveling salesman problem
IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation
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The creation of expressive styles for digital art is one of the primary goals in non-photorealistic rendering. In this paper, we introduce a swarm-based multi-agent system that is capable of producing expressive imagery through the use of multiple digital images. At birth, agents in our system are assigned a digital image that represents their `aesthetic ideal'. As agents move throughout a digital canvas they try to `realize' their ideal by modifying the pixels in the digital canvas to be closer to the pixels in their aesthetic ideal. When groups of agents with different aesthetic ideals occupy the same canvas, a new image is created through the convergence of their conflicting aesthetic goals. We use our system to explore the concepts and techniques from a number of Modern Art movements. The simple implementation and effective results produced by our system makes a compelling argument for more research using swarm-based multi-agent systems for non-photorealistic rending.