The dynamics of collective sorting robot-like ants and ant-like robots
Proceedings of the first international conference on simulation of adaptive behavior on From animals to animats
Managing server energy and operational costs in hosting centers
SIGMETRICS '05 Proceedings of the 2005 ACM SIGMETRICS international conference on Measurement and modeling of computer systems
So-Grid: A self-organizing Grid featuring bio-inspired algorithms
ACM Transactions on Autonomous and Adaptive Systems (TAAS)
The cost of a cloud: research problems in data center networks
ACM SIGCOMM Computer Communication Review
pMapper: power and migration cost aware application placement in virtualized systems
Proceedings of the 9th ACM/IFIP/USENIX International Conference on Middleware
Future Generation Computer Systems
A Live Storage Migration Mechanism over WAN for Relocatable Virtual Machine Services on Clouds
CCGRID '09 Proceedings of the 2009 9th IEEE/ACM International Symposium on Cluster Computing and the Grid
Energy Efficient Allocation of Virtual Machines in Cloud Data Centers
CCGRID '10 Proceedings of the 2010 10th IEEE/ACM International Conference on Cluster, Cloud and Grid Computing
Maximizing Cloud Providers' Revenues via Energy Aware Allocation Policies
CLOUD '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE 3rd International Conference on Cloud Computing
SCC '10 Proceedings of the 2010 IEEE International Conference on Services Computing
A bio-inspired algorithm for energy optimization in a self-organizing data center
SOAR'09 Proceedings of the First international conference on Self-organizing architectures
WSEAS Transactions on Information Science and Applications
Multi-resource Workload Consolidation in Cloud Data Centers
UCC '13 Proceedings of the 2013 IEEE/ACM 6th International Conference on Utility and Cloud Computing
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The success of Cloud computing has led to the establishment of large data centers to serve the increasing need for on-demand computational power, but data centers consume a huge amount of electrical power. The problem can be alleviated by mapping virtual machines, VMs, which run client applications, on as few servers as possible, so that some servers with low traffic can be put in low consuming sleep modes. This paper presents a new approach for the adaptive assignment of VMs to servers and their dynamic migration, with a twofold goal: reduce the energy consumption and meet the Service Level Agreements established with users. The approach, based on ant-inspired algorithms, founds on statistical processes: the mapping and migration of VMs are driven by Bernoulli trials whose success probability depends on the utilization of single servers. Experiments highlight the two main advantages with respect to the state of the art: the approach is self-organizing and mostly decentralized, since each server locally decides whether or not a new VM can be served, and the migration process is continuous and adaptive, thus avoiding the need for the simultaneous reassignment of many VMs.