Automatic Classification of Single Facial Images
IEEE Transactions on Pattern Analysis and Machine Intelligence
Facial expression recognition - A real time approach
Expert Systems with Applications: An International Journal
Facial expression recognition based on Local Binary Patterns: A comprehensive study
Image and Vision Computing
TAROS'11 Proceedings of the 12th Annual conference on Towards autonomous robotic systems
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This paper presents a rotation-invariant expression recognition algorithm that uses both localized eyes and local binary pattern (LBP) feature for SVM. This is a complete algorithm from the image input of cameras to the output of the facial expression recognition. It first localizes the eyes and then uses the localized eyes to rotate the face into upright face to achieve the rotation-invariant. It also uses the localized eyes to calculate the face box, whereas most of the existing algorithms use the face box acquired by the face detection algorithms. The experimental results show that the face boxes calculated from eye locations can improve the performance of expression recognition.